Space science has been developed with a long-term perspective beyond missions on the Earth’s orbit, the International Space Station (ISS) and Shenzhou. While space tourism is a commercial project, NASA’s SpaceX is considering innovative missions for the moon station and Mars in the 2030s. The major hazards of radiation, microgravity, distance from Earth and hostile environments will be technologically addressed for the biological and physiological safety of human spaceflight. However, prolonged isolation in space was not the key issue of past missions but nevertheless critically affected psychological and behavioural changes. How can we enhance future astronauts’ mental well-being? What methodology would be efficient for outer space travel? Are space agencies’ gender policies still valuable? If not, how can they be reconsidered in risk management? Since insecurity illogically leads to the internal circumstances of solitude, fear, anxiety, low morale, negativity, unwillingness and longing for family, this paper explores the significance of spaceship community life in the context of gender equality. The physiological characteristics of future astronauts (around late twenties to early forties) are evaluated in relation to sexual nature for 2.5–3 years. The paper argues a feasible hypothesis as a competitive prerequisite of confinement and isolation that, in the secured system of STEM and medical environments, the application of ‘couple astronaut theory’ could be an alternative countermeasure for the resilience, safety and success of deep space exploration.
In this study, we propose a new approach to elucidate electric fields between two parallel conducting plates. Using 9 Gaussian surfaces, we elucidate the charge redistributions and electric fields formed by parallel conducting plates when two charged plates get close together. The electric charges are redistributed via a new electrostatic equilibrium to create the electric field of each plates. As a result, the electric field start from + electrode plate to - electrode plate via inducing a new electrostatic equilibrium, implying that the application of Gaussian surfaces to only one of the plate electrodes is deserved.
The level of progress of human civilization what it is now has been possible for, among other issues, the ever increasing use of pesticides in agriculture. The use of pesticides has made it easy to meet the target of one of the basic need i.e. food of such a huge population. Without the use of pesticides we may have to starve to death due to a severe food crisis. But too much use of pesticide is harmful. A pesticide may not be so harmful if it can be used in proper dose i.e. the correct quantity is very important in the exposure (use) of any pesticide. Here arises the need of fuzzy logic that helps framing an appropriate model for proper use of pesticides that can overcome the food crisis. In this paper, in order to determine the correct use of pesticides compatible with agricultural sustainability we introduce fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic to develop fuzzy rule based systems in our fuzzy model. Using five important sustainable indicators in agricultural sustainable development due to pesticides, we introduce here a fuzzy rule based system for the hypothetical fuzzified values of three of the indicators and obtain a fuzzy conclusion. Membership functions are used in the trapezoidal or triangular form to represent the fuzzy numbers associated to each indicators. We get a numerical crisp value for hypothetical data input after the defuzzification process. The discussion about fuzzy model developed in this paper provides an approach to build up an way to agricultural sustainable development regarding pesticides.
In the emerging era of technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of them which has an ability to identify the substantial interactions by considering the datasets. It is widely applied in various applications and healthcare is one among the applications. AI plays a vital role in clinical applications to predict the disease type, treatment for the disease, to manage the chronic situations and diagnosis of the same. AI in the healthcare environment has simplified the lives of doctors, patients and the administrators at hospitals by operating various tasks with lesser computation time and accurate results. The unique challenges such as availability, accessibility and affordability of AI also have contributed for the success of healthcare applications. Another factor that enhances the functionality of AI is based on the sourced medical data which is analysed and a model is built to predict the disease by the application of Machine Learning (ML). The other reason for the successful application of AI in healthcare environment is the Computational Intelligence (CI) which is the branch of AI and is an analysis, design, theory and development of linguistically and biologically motivated computational techniques. The functionality of CI is basically identified on the three pillars such as Fuzzy Systems, Neural Networks and Evolutionary Computation. This research work mainly discusses about the various applications of AI in the present healthcare environment. The discussion also includes the different branches of AI with their applications and working principles.
Divide-and-conquer dividing by a half recurrences, of the form x(n) =a·x(⌈n/2⌉)+a·x(⌊n/2⌋)+p(n),\nappear in many areas of applied mathematics, from the analysis of algorithms to the optimization of phylogenetic balance indices. The Master Theorems that solve these equations do not provide the solution\'s explicit expression, only its big-O order of growth. In this paper we give an explicit expression, in terms of the binary decomposition of n, for the solution x(n) of a recurrence of this form, with given initial condition x(1), when the independent term p(n) is a polynomial in ⌈n/2⌉ and ⌊n/2⌋.
Employee engagement alludes to the method involved with keeping employees keen on the activities of their organization to support their dedication and feeling of having a place. Employees are considered an asset to be taken advantage of to the furthest reaches conceivable, with almost no space for investment in direction. The employee's advantages are subjected to the employer's because of this situation on the employment relationship, bringing about an absence of trust among employees. The engagement technique will be hampered by an absence of trust. Employee engagement is another thought in scholarly community, yet counseling firms have pushed it hard. The mental or enthusiastic element of engagement is a higher priority than the actual aspect, which is more convoluted and inclined to inclination. To manage this situation, scholastics should focus on the levels of employee engagement in the human administrations industry. Experts need empirical information to more readily comprehend employee engagement and use it to foster administrative mediations and different strategies to further develop engagement in human asset the board. Employee engagement is characterized as employees' uplifting perspective toward the association and its standards. It is quick acquiring notoriety, use, and significance in the work environment, and it has a wide scope of impacts on organizations. Employee Engagement is unquestionably significant in the work environment. Employees that are paid reasonably and have a decent advantages bundle are likewise more engaged. Hence, the current study has been focused to give an analytical outline on the employee engagement strategies in Information Technology (IT) companies in Chennai.
Multicriteria decision making (MCDM) aims at helping a decision maker choose the best solutions among alternatives compared against multiple conflicting criteria. Several methods of MCDM are closely related to reference points such as the Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method that is based on the deviation of each alternative from the reference average (arithmetic mean) solution with respect to each criterion. But, according to wikipedia, the arithmetic mean (average) is not a robust statistic. While robust statistics such as the positional mean (median) could be better in, for example, the description of central tendency. Hence, the present work aims at introducing a new method to solve the multi-attribute decision problems called the Evaluation based on Deviations from Median Attribute Values (EDMAV). This method is based on the deviation of each alternative from to the reference median solution with respect to each criterion. However, the proposed method combines the results of two different models to get the global score of each alternative, namely weighted arithmetic mean (WAM) and weighted median model (WM). A ranking of alternatives is performed based on the value of a joint generalized criteria computed according to the results of these models. The proposed method is applied on illustrative example in order to illustrate its applicability, usefulness, and effectiveness and it has been compared with EDAS method.