Demand Response (DR) in smart grid is an energy management technique which enables the end users of electricity to schedule their daily consumption pattern for cost benefits. The energy consumption scheduling provides a path to lower the peak demands of power and reducing the chances of grid instability. In this paper we propose Linear Programming (LP) formulation of DR optimization problem for a single home in a Real Time Pricing (RTP) scenario. In RTP model of pricing, the cost of electricity changes for every hour of the day. The proposed method aims to achieve a balanced daily energy consumption schedule with reduced cost by evenly distributing the demand to low price time slots. Shifting maximum demands to low price periods may overload the grid during those periods hence to avoid grid instability a power limit is set as an optimization constraint for every timeslot. The proposed optimization problem is solved using primal barrier method.
Abstract\nThe marketing rationale has shifted from product orientation to customer orientation, from an aggregated approach to an individual approach and from the transactional paradigm to the relational paradigm. Thus, there is a predominance of relational ties that makes the excellence of firms.\nThe present research aspires to study the influence of market-oriented sales force behaviors on relational performance in the telecom sector.\nPurpose: In this study, we plan to explore the antecedents of relational performance in the Saudi market. Besides, we will introduce the mediating role of affective commitment and relational learning in the development of sales force relational performance.\nDesign/Methodology/Approach: After elaborating the conceptual framework and the hypotheses to be tested, an empirical study was conducted using two samples from users of telecom products in different companies in the Saudi market. Our study simultaneously involved 200 and 500 consumers. The first sample was used for the exploratory phase and the second was collected to confirm the measurements, test the hypotheses and validate and specify the developed model.\nFindings: This study supplies a deep comprehension that will unquestionably improve the literature review about relational performance. For this purpose, we paid due attention to market-oriented behaviors of the sales force, affective commitment and relational learning to explain relational performance.\nOriginality/Value: We can argue that the present research constitutes a platform which displays some variables impacting relational performance
Statistical distributions are widely used in applied sciences particular analyzing data in financial sciences. The classical distributions are not flexible enough to cater the financial data sets. Therefore, the\nactuaries are often in search of flexible distributions to provide the best fit to financial and actuarial data.\nDue to the importance of the statistical distributions in financial sciences, a new family of distributions\nis introduced using a trigonometric function. The proposed family is called, the exponential arcsine-X\nfamily of distributions. We provide certain characterizations of the proposed family. By means of a simulation study, the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators is evaluated in terms of the biases\nand mean squared errors . Finally, the usefulness of the family is illustrated by means of two real data sets\ntaken from insurance sciences. The new model provides consistently better fits than the other competitors\nmodels for these data sets.
The author of the article presents the practical and theoretical knowledge which they have achieved in the framework of the entrepreneurship research over the past 10 years. The practical and research activities have focused in the last period, in particular, on the synergy of the links between the family business, innovative dynamism and competitiveness of the companies. The paper offers a generalization of the findings to the theory of evolutionary protentional, synergy and economics time of the business, especially in the innovation and dynamism of the evolutionary family business potential in the process. The findings are also based on empirical research in more than 230 small and medium-sized family companies in the Czech Republic and Poland. Presented results deserves a broad discussion and verification in practice, depending on the cultural differences in manifestations of globalization in various parts of the world and under the influence of the industrial revolution 4:0.
Biological control represents an important approach for controlling many dermatophyte fungi. Trichoderma spp. and Pleurotus spp are the most promising and effective bioagents against many pathogenic fungi. In this paper Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus were screened for their efficacy against Microsporum audouinii. The results had been revealed that the culture filtrate of the bioagents Trichoderma harzianum was and Pleurotus ostreatus affected the radial growth of the dermatophyte fungus Microsporum audouinii. Fugal filtrates of test fungi at all test concentrations had inhibitory effect on the radial growth of Microsporum audouinii. The results had been revealed also that Pleurotus ostreatus antifungal activity was more than the activity of Trichoderma harzianum but lower than the effectivity of the antifungal drug clotrimazole