This study was conducted for the first time in nursery treatment in order to pioneer forest trees of the species Elaeagnus rhamnoides and also to determine the effects of different treatments on seed germination in Iran. This species is resistance for plantation. Seeds originating from Qazvin province were placed in the nursery. Treatments comprised three factors including seed pretreatments (control, cold, ice water, hot water, lime juice and Gibberellin acid), soils (control, Stockosorb, sand and compost) and irrigation (control and supplementary water). These treatments were accomplished in CRD experimental designs with five replicates. At the end (65st day) we evaluated the number and percentage of germination, the number of days until germination, the mean germination time, germination rate, germination energy, the maximum germination and germination value. Results show that the means of germination percent in control irrigation were 7.5, 23.75, 21.25, 0, 15, and 42.5. Average germination percentage of pretreatments and the same attributes with supplementary irrigation were 1.25, 43.75, 35, 1.25, 8.75, and 46.25. Mean of germination in soil factor were 0.83, 3.54, 8.12 and 8.02. Germination in all treatments and at whole levels was on average 20.52 percent. The highest germination percentage and the highest average germination were observed in the sand and in the Gibberellin treatment, respectively.

Logic programming has lacked devices for forward reasoning in finding \nproofs. This limitation has been addressed by two recent approaches: tabled Prolog and \n sequential Prolog. In this paper, we focus on the latter approach.\nWe present sequential Prolog with two types of sequential goals: sequential conjunctive\ngoals and\n``lemma\'\' goals. A lemma goal serves as an intermediate goal to another goal.\nOur language is suitable for a number of applications including GIS.\nWe also consider how to integrate full tabling into our interpreter.

Previous studies have demonstrated that NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway is involved in promoting cell proliferation. To further explore the regulatory branches and their sequence of NF-κB pathway in promoting hepatocyte proliferation at transcriptional level during rat liver regeneration (LR), Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array was used to detect the expression changes of the isolated hepatocytes. We found that many genes involved in NF-κB pathway (including 73 known genes and 19 homologous genes) and in cell proliferation (including 484 genes and 104 homologous genes) were associated with LR. Expression profile function (Ep) was used to analyze the biological processes. It showed that NF-κB pathway promoted hepatocyte proliferation through three branches. Several methods of integrated statistics were applied to extract and screen key genes in LR, and it indicated that eight genes may play a vital role in rat LR. To confirm the above predicted results, the content of proteins ,such as CCND1 and DUSP1 were analyzed using two-dimension gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF, and the results were generally consistent with that of microarray data. It is concluded that 3 branches and 8 key genes involved in NF-κB pathway regulate hepatocytes proliferation during rat liver regeneration.

Cu+-doped p-CuS and Sn4+-doped n-CuS films were successfully deposited with chemical bath deposition at room temperature by controlling S/Cu molar ratio in the bath solution and doping Cu+ and Sn4+ cations, respectively. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, photoluminescence spectrophotometry, and electrical property measurement. The Cu+-doped CuS and Sn4+-doped CuS films having S/Cu molar ratio larger and less than the stoichiometric ratio showed p-type and n-type electrical conduction, respectively, and low electrical resistivity of~1.31×10-3 Ωcm and ~0.73–0.80×10-3 Ωcm, respectively. Moreover, the films had the average transmittances of ~20.1– 30.1 % in the wavelength range of 290–1100 nm. The direct band gaps and indirect band gaps of the films were estimated to be in the ranges of ~2.58–2.63 eV and ~1.6–1.78 eV, respectively.

This paper demonstrates how flexural wave propagation in a thin plate can be modeled by estimating the combined effect of the excitation and the sensor. A theoretical model for flexural wave propagation in thin plates is derived and it is compared with measurements. In addition, the performances of used filters and ARX (autoregressive exogeneous) model are compared on estimating the wave propagation in a thin quartz glass plate. Results indicate that the most accurate estimation of wave propagation is obtained when a linear phase filter which attributes all dispersions to the wave is used.